Vtuber
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A VTuber (ブイチューバー, BuiChūbā), or virtual YouTuber (Japanese: バーチャルユーチューバー, Hepburn: bācharu YūChūbā), is an online content creator who uses an avatar to interact with an audience. Most of them use YouTube to publish videos.
These avatars are typically digitally drawn, then animated using programs like Live2D Cubism, and captured using programs like Vtube Studio.
As the vtubing trend began in Japan, all the original performers follow Japanese naming conventions, putting their family name first. This practice tends to be adhered to even by western vtubers.
Fandom
Fans will have a small number of VTubers they are actively support (typically one, but rarely more than 3-4), which they refer to as their Oshi. The act of supporting them may sometimes be referred to as "Oshiing".
Oshi Marks (推しマーク) are often used by Vtubers and their fans to identify themselves.[1] They are usually an emoji, or a combination of emoji, that symbolises the motif or character of the Vtuber. These marks are usually added onto the end of a fan's display name on various social media. In the case of a fan having multiple oshi, the marks are usually separated by and Vertical Bar (|), though some users are happy to have them run together.
Vtubers often have their official fanart hashtags on Twitter and encourage listeners to create fanarts. However, even those encouraging fanworks may have restrictions on works that serve commercial and political purposes, and representations inconsistent with the original creator's vision (which can be difficult for fan artists to discern).[2]